leuk- (*leuĝh-)

    leuk- (*leuĝh-)

    English meaning: bright, to shine; to see

    Deutsche Übersetzung: 1. “leuchten, licht”; 2. ‘sehen”

    Material: 1. O.Ind. rócatē ‘shines, seems”, Av. raočant- “luminous”, O.Ind. rōcá yati “läßt shine, beleuchtet”, Av. raočayeiti “erleuchtet, beleuchtet” (= Lat. lūсео); O.Ind. rōcaná - “luminous”, roká- m. “light” (= Arm. lois “light”, Welsh llug), rōcí ṣ n. “light” (= O.H.G. loug, O.E. lieg, O.Ice. leygr m., Slav. lučь m.), lōká - m. “free (heller) room, world” (= Lat. lūcus, Lith. laũkas “field”, O.H.G. etc. lōh); rōcá - “luminous” (: Lith. adj. laũkas,blässig”), rucá- “bright” (: Gk. λυκόφως, ἀμφι-λύκη, Welsh am-lwg, O.Ice. log n. “flame”), rúci- f. “light, radiance “ (= O.Pruss. luckis), rukmá- n. “gold”, m. “goldener jewellery”, rúkmant- “gleaming” (compare den Gmc. Lat. -men-stem); rṓ cas-, rōcí s- n., Av. raocah-, ap. raučah- n. “light, shiner, esp. of Himmels”, O.Ind. rukṣá- “gleaming”, Av. raoxšna- “gleaming” common O.Ind. ĝh- > kṣ- : O.Pers. ĝh- > xš- : Pers. xš- > š- phonetic mutation (= O.H.G. liehsen) f. “light” (= Lat. lūna, M.Ir. luan, O.Pruss. lauxnos, O.Bulg. luna, zero grade Gk. λύχνος; auf this -es-stem based on also Lat. lūstrüre, lucubrüre , O.E. lioxan, O.Ice. ljōs, Lith. lũkestis); Arm. lois, gen. lusoi “light”, lusin “moon”, lusn “weißer Fleck in eye”, luc̣anem “zũnde an, burn”, Aor. luc̣i (originally skō-present); Gk. λευκός “licht, gleaming, white” (λεῦκος, λευκίσκος fish names), λοῦσσον “weißer Kern in Tannenholz” (: O.Bulg. luča from *loukiü); λύσσα f. “fury” (after den funkelnden Augen); ἀμφι-λύκη “ twilight “, λυκό-φως ds., μορμο-λύκη ‘schreckbild”; λυκάβᾱς “Neumondstag”, is unclear; (compare Leumann, Hom. Wörter 2124; after Kretschmer Gl. 22, 262 to λύκος “wolf”); λύχνος ‘shiner” (*luk-s-nos, due to of -(e)s-stem); unclear is λουνόν λαμπρόν Hes.; Illyr. PN Λεύκαρος, in addition Ven. (?) PN Λευκάριστος (Silesia); Maybe Alb. lluke “blind”, lush “berserk, carrion, lushë “bitch, berserk woman” : λύσσα f. “fury” Lat. lūx, -cis “light” (older i-stem) lūceō, -ēre, lūxī “gleam, shine, bright sein”, aLat. also “(ein light) shine lassen” (*loukéi̯ō = O.Ind. rōcá yati), pollūcēre originally ‘shine (or see) lassen”, hence pollūcte “precious”, pollūcibilis “köstlich, lovely, superb, pretty, splendid”, pollūctūra “köstlicher feast “; lūculentus “gleaming; stately, respectable “, lūcerna ‘shiner, lamp, light” (compare O.Ir.lōcharn, see under); Juppiter Lūcetius perhaps “Lichtbringer” (Osc.; compare den Gaul. Mars Leucetius, Goth. liuhaÞ): lūcus, aLat. acc. loucom “Hain”, actually “(wood, forest-)Lichtung” (compare collūcüre “in a wood, forest eine Lichtung vornehmen”, interlūcüre “Bäume auslichten”), Osc. lúvkeí “in lūcō” (see above O.Ind. lōká -); perhaps also Umbr. Vuvc̨is “Lūcius”; Lat. lūmen “light” from *leuk-s-men; lūna “moon(göttin”) (*louksnü), praen. Losna (: O.Pruss. lauxnos, Av. raoxšnü, M.Ir. lūan, O.Bulg. luna); lūstrum ‘sũhneopfer; stretch of time from fũnf Jahren” (*leuk-s-trom “Erleuchtung”), lūstrō, -üre “erhellen, beleuchten”, also “clean”, illūstrüre “erleuchten, ans Tageslicht bringen, aufklären; verherrlichen”, back formation illūstris “hell erleuchtet in die Augen fallend, illustrious”, lūcŭ brum “dawn, twilight” (*leukos-ro-), lūcŭ brüre “by light or night work”; Welsh llug ‘schimmer, radiance “, llug у dydd “daybreak” (= O.Ind. rōká -, Arm. lois) Loth RC 39, 73; Gaul. *leuxos “bright”, *leukü “the white”, s. Wartburg FEW. s. v. v. O.Ir. luchair “ radiance “, lūaichtide “gleaming”, luach-te “weißglũhend”; O.Ir. lōcharn, luacharn f. ‘shiner, Laterne, lamp, light”, Welsh llugorn (also llygorn m., pl. llygyrn), Corn. lugarn ds., Bret. lugern m. “ radiance “; Gaul. Leucetius, Loucetius “epithet of Mars” (compare Lat.-Osc. Lūcetius); M.Ir. lóch, lúach “gleaming”, O.Ir. lōchet (n. nt-stem) “lightning”, out of it borrowed Welsh lluched, O.Corn. luhet, Bret. luc”hed-enn “lightning”; M.Ir. lūan “light, moon”, dīa lūain “Montag” (*leuk-s-no- : Lat. lūna); Welsh llwg “gleaming”, llygo “einen radiance throw” (compare with the meaning from Gk. λεύσσω as “con-spicuus” under Welsh am-lwg, cyf-lwg, eg-lwg “conspicuus”); M.Ir. loch “black” (*luko-), Welsh llwg ‘schwarzgelb”, zero grade llug “black” (*louko-) probably originally “gleaming black”; Goth. liuhaÞ “light” (: Lat. Lūcetius, Gaul. Leucetius), O.H.G. O.S. lioht “bright” and n. “light”, O.E. lēoht ds.; Goth. lauhatjan “gleam, shine, flash”, O.H.G. lougazzen and zero grade lohazzen “flame, burn, fiery sein”, O.E. līegetu f. “lightning”; O.H.G. lōh “bewachsene Lichtung, niedriges shrubbery, bush”, M.L.G. lōh, lōch “ spinney, bush”, names as Waterloo, O.E. lēah “offenes Land, meadow”, O.Ice. lō fn. “Lichtung” (= O.Ind. lōká - etc.); O.H.G. lauc, loug, O.E. līeg, O.Ice. leygr, mask. i-stem “flame, fire” (= O.Ind. rōcí -, Slav. lučь), O.Ice. logi m. = O.Fris. loga “flame”, M.H.G. lohe “flame”; O.Ice. ljōmi m., O.S. liomo, O.E. lēoma “ radiance “ (*leuk-mon-), Goth. lauhmuni “lightning, flame” (áu, compare Eng. levin “lightning” from *lauhuƀni-); O.Ice. lōn f. (*luhnō) ‘stilles water”, logn n. “Windstille” (compare Gk. λευκη γαλήνη) “blanke Windstille”); O.Ice. ljōri m. “Rauchloch”, Nor. ljōra ‘sich aufklären”, M.H.G. ūz-lieren ds.; due to of -es-stem O.Ice. lȳr m. (*leuhiz) “Lub, Gadus pollichius” (from the hellen Farbe the Seiten and of Bauches of Fisches), O.Ice. lȳsa f. “Merluccius vulgaris, Merlan”, Nor. lysing ds., compare Swe. löja, löga “Abramis alburnus” from *laugiōn , Ger. Lauge “Cyprinus alburnus and leuciscus”); M.H.G. liehsen “bright” (*leuhsna- = Av. raoxšna-), O.Ice. ljōs n. “light” (*leuhsa-), lȳsa “gleam, shine, gleam, bright make, define, announce, declare “ = O.E. líexan, līxan “gleam, shine”; Lith. laũkas “blässig”, laũkas “field” (“Lichtung”), see above O.Ind. lōká -, rocá- etc.; O.Pruss. luckis “wooden log” (= O.Ind. rucí-), ablaut. with Sloven. lúč etc. “Lichtspan”; FlN Lith. Laukesà; O.Bulg. luča “ray” (louki̯ü, compare Gk. λοῦσσον), Church Slavic also lučь m. “ray, light” (= O.Ind. roci-, O.H.G. loug), Sloven. lúč f. “light”, pl. “Lichtspäne”, Russ. luč “ray”, lučá “ chip of pinewood “, Cz. louč “Kien”; O.Bulg. luna “moon” (*louk-s-nü, as Lat. lūna etc.); Toch. А В luk- “gleam, shine, erleuchten”; A lok, lokit, В laukito “ strange “, lauke “wide” (compare Lith. laũk, laũkan “ out of doors, forth, out “ from laũkas “field”); Hitt. luk(k)- “gleam, shine, ignite, set on fire”. 2. with the meaning “black” (from “gleaming black” or “verbrannt”): see above S. 688; but Lat. lūcius “Hecht” stands for “the Schillernde”. 3. With leuk- “gleam, shine” deckt sich leuk- ‘see”: O.Ind. lṓ katē, lṓ catē “ beholds, wird gewahr”, lōká yati, lōcá yati “contemplates”, lōcanam “eye”; Gk. λεύσσω ‘see, observe”; Welsh am-lwg, cyf-lwg, eg-lwg “conspicuus”, go-lwg “vision, face” (also Welsh etc. llygad “eye” from *lukato-); Lith. láukiu, láukti “auf jemanden wait, hold on”, lūke ́ ti “ein wenig harren”, Ltv. lũkuôt ‘see, show, auf etwas sehen, versuchen”, O.Pruss. laukīt ‘suchen”; from “whereupon see, show”: “aim, meet (throw)” and “receive, bekommen” : lučiti sę “to meet, geschehen; mũssen”; in R.C.S. lučiti “jemanden treffen”, etc. 4. A parallel root leuk-̂ in: O.Ind. rúśant- “licht, bright, white”, Church Slavic vъs-lysъ “naked, bald, bleak”, Russ. lūsyj “naked, bald, bleak, blässig”; in addition perhaps the name of Luchses (development from den funkelnden Augen or rather after seinem grauweißen fell, fur): Arm. lusanunk” pl., Gk. λύγξ, λυγκός (whence die nasalization?), O.H.G. luhs, O.E. lox, next to which O.S. lō from *luha- (compare perhaps dt. Fuchs : Goth. fauhō), Lith. lū́ šis, Ltv. lūsì s, O.Pruss. luysis, O.Bulg. rysь (with r instead of l after rъvati “ausreißen”?); after Vasmer expounded sich das Slav. r perhaps through Iran. borrowing; not ganz sicher steht die meaning “Luchs” for das zudem auf voiced-nonaspirated auslautende M.Ir. lug, gen. loga; on the other hand expounded Loth RC 36, 103 Welsh lloer, Bret. loar “moon” from *lug-rü, so that one -g, -k, - k̂ as extensions auffassen could; compare also above S. 688 Gk. λουνόν.

    References: WP. II 408 ff., WH. I 823 ff., 827 f., 832 ff., 839, Trautmann 151 f., 164; different Kuiper Nasalpräs. 1073.